Jesuit, China, Astronomy, Cartography, Qing Dynasty, Matteo Ricci, Missionaries, Verbiest's Cartographic Works, Astronomy in China, Theories of Western Science, Imperial courts, Beijing, Scientific Exchange, Southern Hemisphere Mapping, Jesuit China Missio

The Jesuits, a Catholic religious order, contributed to China’s intellectual exchange during the Qing Dynasty by introducing Western astronomy, science, and cartography. Matteo Ricci and later Verbiest were key missionaries who learned Chinese culture, shared European scientific methods, and created detailed maps, including of the Southern Hemisphere. Their work enhanced China's understanding of astronomy and promoted scientific dialogue at imperial courts in Beijing. This exchange blended Western and Chinese knowledge, influencing local and global science. The Jesuit mission facilitated long-term cultural and scientific ties, marking a significant chapter in the history of cross-cultural scientific exchange.