Jeans' theorem

Jeans' theorem states that in a stable, isolated system like a galaxy, the distribution of stars depends only on the stars' conserved quantities, such as their energy and angular momentum. This means that the way stars are spread out can be described by a mathematical function that relies solely on these constant properties, ensuring the system remains in equilibrium. In essence, the theorem provides a way to understand and model the large-scale structure of stellar systems based on their fundamental conserved quantities.