James P. Allison (Immunologist)

James P. Allison is an American immunologist known for his groundbreaking work in cancer research, particularly involving the immune system. He discovered how to block a protein called CTLA-4, which inhibits the immune response against cancer cells. This insight led to the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors, a revolutionary class of cancer therapies that help the immune system recognize and attack cancer more effectively. His work has significantly advanced cancer treatment, leading to more effective therapies for melanoma and other types of cancer. In 2018, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his contributions.