iwi (tribes)

Iwi are the largest social units in Māori culture, representing tribes or extended families sharing common ancestors, language, and territory. They serve as communities that provide identity, support, and social structure. Iwi hold cultural significance through traditions, stories, and land rights, and often work collectively on issues like preserving language and heritage. Membership is based on whakapapa (ancestry), fostering a sense of belonging and responsibility. In New Zealand, iwi play a key role in national discussions on sovereignty, land, and cultural preservation, acting as custodians of Māori identity and wellbeing.