Ivan Pavlov's experiment

Ivan Pavlov's experiment involved studying how dogs learn to associate stimuli. He observed that dogs salivate not just when they see food, but also when they hear a bell if the sound repeatedly preceded feeding. Pavlov then conditioned the dogs to salivate at the sound alone by ringing a bell just before giving them food multiple times. Over time, the dogs learned to associate the bell (a neutral stimulus) with food, so the bell alone triggered salivation. This demonstrated classical conditioning, where an organism learns to respond to a new stimulus through association.