Iturbide Empire

The Iturbide Empire refers to the First Mexican Empire (1821-1823), when Agustín de Iturbide declared Mexico independent from Spain and briefly ruled as Emperor Agustín I. Iturbide, a former royalist officer, united patriotic forces, took power, and in 1822 was crowned emperor. His reign faced challenges from regional factions, economic issues, and questions about the monarchy’s legitimacy. Ultimately, non-royalist factions led to his abdication in 1823, and Mexico transitioned to a republic. The empire signified Mexico's transition from Spanish colonial rule to independent nationhood, highlighting complex political dynamics and national identity formation.