Ittihad ve Terakki Cemiyeti (Committee of Union and Progress)

The Ittihad ve Terakki Cemiyeti, or Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), was a political organization founded in 1906 in the Ottoman Empire. It aimed to modernize and strengthen the empire through reforms, emphasizing nationalism and centralized control. The CUP played a leading role in overthrowing the absolute monarchy of Sultan Abdulhamid II and later governed the empire, influencing events like the Young Turk Revolution and World War I. Their policies and actions had significant impacts on the empire’s decline and the subsequent emergence of modern Turkey.