Iterative Closest Point (ICP)

Iterative Closest Point (ICP) is a method used to align two sets of 3D points, such as scans or models. It works by repeatedly matching points from one set to the closest points in the other, then adjusting the position and orientation to minimize the differences. This process is repeated until the alignment is as accurate as possible. ICP effectively helps computers "fit" 3D shapes together, which is useful in tasks like 3D reconstruction, object recognition, and robotics navigation, ensuring that two datasets align closely in space.