Iterative Closest Point

The Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm is a method used to align two 3D shapes or point clouds. It works by repeatedly matching points from one shape to the closest points in the other, then calculating the best way to rotate and shift one shape to better align with the other. This process is repeated, refining the alignment each time, until the shapes are closely matched. ICP is commonly used in 3D scanning, robotics, and computer vision to accurately overlay models or maps from different data sources.