Item Response Theory (IRT)

Item Response Theory (IRT) is a statistical method used to analyze and improve assessments, like tests or surveys. It models the relationship between a person's ability (or trait) and their likelihood of answering specific questions correctly or choosing certain answers. Instead of just looking at total scores, IRT considers both the difficulty of each question and how well it discriminates between different levels of ability. This helps create fairer, more accurate measurements, allowing us to understand what someone can do based on their responses and how questions function across different groups.