Irish Civil War

The Irish Civil War (1922-1923) was a conflict between factions within Ireland over the country's independence. It erupted after the Anglo-Irish Treaty, which created the Irish Free State as a self-governing entity within the British Empire. Some wanted full independence and opposed the treaty’s terms, especially its oath of allegiance to Britain, while others accepted it as a step toward independence. The disagreement led to armed clashes, with the anti-treaty forces fighting the pro-treaty government. The war ended with the defeat of anti-treaty forces, shaping Ireland's political landscape for years to come.