Iraqi constitution

The Iraqi constitution, adopted in 2005, establishes Iraq as a federal, democratic republic, balancing powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. It recognizes Iraq's diverse ethnic and religious groups, including Arabs, Kurds, Turkmen, and others, ensuring rights and autonomy—especially for the Kurdish region. The constitution guarantees fundamental rights like freedom of speech, religion, and equality. It also defines Iraq’s territory, governance structure, and laws for national unity while respecting pluralism. Overall, it aims to create a stable, inclusive framework for governance amid Iraq's complex social fabric.