Ionization Theory

Ionization Theory explains how atoms or molecules gain or lose electrons to form charged particles called ions. When energy such as heat, light, or electrical sparks is applied, it can knock electrons away from atoms or molecules, creating positive ions, or add electrons to form negative ions. This process is fundamental in many fields, including chemistry, physics, and even biological systems. Ionization influences how substances interact, conduct electricity, or react chemically. Essentially, it describes the transformation between neutral particles and charged particles, which plays a key role in processes like radiation exposure, plasma formation, and electronic devices.