Ion exchange membranes

Ion exchange membranes are specialized materials that selectively allow certain ions—positively or negatively charged particles—to pass through while blocking others. Think of them as filters that separate ions based on their charge, used in processes like water purification and energy generation. These membranes are made of polymers with functional groups that attract or repel specific ions, enabling efficient separation and transfer. Their ability to control ion flow makes them essential in technologies like fuel cells, desalination, and waste treatment, helping to produce clean water, generate electricity, and improve industrial processes.