ion engines

Ion engines are advanced propulsion systems used in spacecraft that generate thrust by electrically charging and accelerating ions—charged particles—using electric fields. Unlike traditional engines that rely on combustion, ion engines produce a very gentle but highly efficient push by ejecting ions at high speeds. This allows spacecraft to achieve greater fuel efficiency over long distances, making them ideal for deep space missions. While their thrust is weaker than chemical engines, over time they can accelerate a spacecraft to high speeds with less fuel, enabling more sustainable and extended exploration of space.