Inversion of Control (IoC)

Inversion of Control (IoC) is a design principle in software development where the flow of a program's control is delegated from the main program to external components or frameworks. Instead of the application deciding when and how to create and manage its parts, it relies on an external system to handle these tasks. This approach promotes flexibility, easier testing, and better organization of code, because components can be easily swapped or modified without altering the core logic. In essence, IoC shifts control from the program itself to an external container or framework, enhancing structure and maintainability.