Intervertebral Disc Herniation

Intervertebral disc herniation occurs when the soft, gel-like center of a spinal disc pushes through a crack in its tough outer layer. This can happen due to aging, injury, or strain. When the inner material leaks out, it can press on nearby nerves, causing pain, numbness, or weakness in areas like the arms or legs. Many people recover with rest, physical therapy, or medication, but severe cases may require medical procedures. The condition commonly affects the lower back or neck and is a frequent cause of back or neck pain.