Interferometric SAR (InSAR)

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a remote sensing technique that uses radar signals from satellites to measure Earth's surface changes with high precision. It involves capturing two radar images of the same area from slightly different angles or times, then analyzing the differences in the signals. These differences, called interference patterns, reveal minute changes in elevation or surface deformation—such as volcanic activity, land subsidence, or earthquake impacts—often on the scale of centimeters or millimeters. InSAR provides crucial data for monitoring environmental and geophysical processes without physical contact, enabling detailed, cost-effective observations of Earth's dynamic surface.