interferogram analysis

Interferogram analysis is a technique used to measure tiny changes in distances or surface displacements by comparing the phase differences of light waves, usually lasers, reflected from a surface. When two coherent light waves combine, they create an interference pattern, or interferogram, which contains information about surface deformation, topography, or other subtle changes. By analyzing these patterns, scientists can detect movements or shape changes at a very precise scale, often used in fields like geology, engineering, and remote sensing to monitor shifts, vibrations, or surface alterations over time.