Interconnected systems

Interconnected systems are networks of individual components or subsystems that work together to perform a larger function or process. Each part communicates and interacts with others, meaning changes or failures in one can affect the whole. Examples include the power grid, which links generators, transformers, and distribution centers, or a transportation network connecting roads, trains, and airports. This interconnectedness allows for efficiency, coordination, and resilience but also requires careful management to prevent cascading failures and ensure smooth operation across all parts.