Integration of optics and electronics

Integration of optics and electronics combines light-based components with electronic circuits to enhance data transmission and processing capabilities. Optical elements like fiber optics transmit information as pulses of light, offering high speed and low loss over long distances. Electronics control, convert, and process these signals, enabling functionalities such as communication, sensing, and data storage. This integration results in devices that can handle faster, more efficient, and more reliable communication systems—like the internet, medical imaging, and sensor technologies—by leveraging the advantages of both light-based and electronic systems in a seamless, compact manner.