Integrated optical modulators

Integrated optical modulators are devices embedded within photonic circuits that control the properties of light—such as its intensity, phase, or polarization—using electrical signals. They are similar to electronic switches but operate with light, enabling high-speed data transmission and processing on compact chips. By integrating these modulators onto a single platform, engineers can create faster, more efficient communication systems, such as fiber-optic networks and on-chip data processors, with reduced size and power consumption. They are a key component in advancing telecommunications, internet infrastructure, and photonic computing technologies.