inflammasome

An inflammasome is a complex of proteins inside immune cells that detects harmful threats like infections, toxins, or cell damage. When it senses these danger signals, the inflammasome activates enzymes that produce inflammatory molecules called cytokines. This process triggers inflammation, which helps the body fight off the threat and repair damage. However, if the inflammasome becomes overactive or misfires, it can lead to excessive inflammation, contributing to diseases such as gout, rheumatoid arthritis, and some neurodegenerative conditions. In essence, inflammasomes are crucial for immune defense but must be carefully regulated.