infectious disease outbreak

An infectious disease outbreak occurs when a contagious illness spreads rapidly within a community or population. It happens when pathogens like viruses or bacteria are transmitted from person to person, often through close contact, contaminated surfaces, or through the air. Outbreaks can vary in scale, from localized clusters to widespread epidemics. They are monitored by health authorities to control the spread, often through measures like quarantine, vaccination, or hygiene practices. Understanding outbreaks helps prevent further infections and protects public health by identifying sources and implementing effective response strategies.