Indus Script decipherment theories

Indus Script decipherment theories explore how to understand the symbols used by the ancient Indus Valley civilization (circa 2400–1900 BCE). Scholars believe these symbols may represent a form of language, possibly a proto-writing system or early script, but lack enough bilingual references like the Rosetta Stone. Some compare the symbols to later Indian scripts, suggesting they encode trade, religious, or daily life information. Many theories exist—from viewing it as a fully developed writing system to considering it symbolic art. Despite ongoing research, the script remains undeciphered, and no consensus has emerged.