India's Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)

India’s Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is a social security scheme launched in 2005 to provide rural households with at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment annually. It aims to create sustainable rural infrastructure, promote livelihood security, and empower marginalized communities. Under MGNREGA, adults in rural areas can request work on public projects like roads or water conservation. It emphasizes transparency, fair wages, and women’s participation, helping reduce poverty and prevent forced migration by ensuring a dependable source of income.