Indexicals and Demonstratives

Indexicals and demonstratives are terms that refer to specific entities based on context. Indexicals, like "I," "here," or "now," depend on who is speaking and when, meaning their reference shifts with context. For example, "I" refers to the person speaking at that moment. Demonstratives, like "this" or "that," point to objects or entities based on proximity or context; for instance, "this" might refer to a book in your hand. Both are important in theories of reference as they illustrate how meaning can change depending on the situational context in which language is used.