In vitro and in vivo studies

In vitro studies are experiments conducted outside of a living organism, typically in a lab dish or test tube, allowing scientists to focus on specific cells, tissues, or molecules. In vivo studies involve testing within a living organism, such as animals or humans, providing insights into how a treatment or process works in a complex biological system. While in vitro studies offer controlled environments for initial research, in vivo studies are essential for understanding real-world effects, safety, and efficacy of a treatment or intervention in a whole, functioning organism.