In situ measurements

In situ measurements refer to data collected directly at the location of the phenomenon being studied, rather than from remote sources or laboratory simulations. For example, measuring water quality directly in a river or taking soil samples from a field provides real-time, on-site data that accurately reflects current conditions. These measurements are valuable because they capture the true state of the environment or system without relying on assumptions or models. In situ methods are commonly used in fields like environmental monitoring, geology, and engineering to ensure accurate, relevant information is obtained from the actual site of interest.