implicit versus explicit margins of safety

Implicit margins of safety are the unspoken buffers built into a system or design, such as natural variations or uncertainties that help prevent failure under normal conditions. Explicit margins of safety are deliberately added allowances or safety factors intentionally included during planning or engineering to ensure reliability, such as extra strength or capacity beyond expected loads. Essentially, implicit safety relies on inherent or assumed buffers, while explicit safety is intentionally built in and clearly defined to protect against uncertainties or unexpected circumstances.