immunology and infectious diseases

Immunology is the study of how the body's immune system defends against harmful organisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. It involves complex processes where immune cells recognize and attack invaders, helping to prevent or fight infections. Infectious diseases occur when these pathogens invade the body and disrupt normal functions, leading to symptoms like fever, fatigue, or more serious health problems. Understanding immunology helps develop vaccines and treatments that boost the immune response or eliminate infections, ultimately protecting health and preventing disease spread.