ICE (Interactive Connectivity Establishment)

Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) is a process used by devices to establish the best possible connection for real-time communication, like voice or video calls over the internet. Because network setups can be complex—firewalls, NATs, and different IP addresses—ICE helps devices test various network paths to find the most reliable one. It systematically tries different routes to ensure smooth communication, managing potential obstacles and choosing the optimal connection. In essence, ICE coordinates and optimizes how devices connect across diverse network environments, ensuring seamless and efficient real-time data exchange.