I.33 (Fechtbuch)

I.33, also known as the "Fechtbuch" or "Tower Manuscript," is the earliest known European martial arts manual, dating from around 1400. It provides detailed instructions on how to fight with a sword (longsword), dagger, and other weapons, including techniques for offense and defense. The manuscript offers illustrations and text, serving as a practical guide for medieval combat training. It reflects the martial practices of its time, emphasizing skill, timing, and strategy. I.33 is valuable today for understanding medieval fencing techniques and the history of European martial arts.