Hyperbolic plane

The hyperbolic plane is a type of geometric surface that differs from the flat plane you're familiar with. In hyperbolic geometry, space curves outward, like a saddle or a Pringle chip, causing lines that start parallel to diverge. This means that the usual rules of Euclidean geometry don't apply—triangles can have angles summing to less than 180°, and there are infinitely many parallels through a point outside a line. The hyperbolic plane is an important concept in mathematics and physics, helping us understand complex spaces, the universe's shape, and models in art and computer science.