Hydraulic resistance

Hydraulic resistance refers to the opposition that fluid encounters as it moves through a pipe or channel. Factors like pipe size, length, surface roughness, and fluid properties affect this resistance. Higher resistance means it takes more force or pressure to keep the fluid flowing at the same rate. Think of it like friction: just as rougher surfaces or narrower paths make it harder to slide an object, greater hydraulic resistance makes it more difficult for fluid to move smoothly. This concept is important in designing systems like blood vessels, pipelines, and hydraulic machinery to ensure efficient flow.