humanitarian law principles

Humanitarian law principles aim to limit suffering during conflict by protecting people who are not participating in fighting and restricting the methods used in warfare. They emphasize distinction—separating civilians from combatants—and proportionality, ensuring harm caused is not excessive compared to military gain. These laws prohibit targeting civilians, detainees, and aid workers, and mandate humane treatment for all. Their purpose is to balance military necessity with compassion, seeking to reduce unnecessary suffering and uphold human dignity during conflicts.