Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) typing

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) typing identifies specific proteins on the surface of immune cells that help the body distinguish between its own tissues and foreign substances. These proteins are highly variable among individuals, making HLA matching essential for organ and tissue transplants to reduce rejection risks. HLA typing involves analyzing a person’s DNA to determine their unique patterns of these proteins. Accurate matching improves transplant success, and HLA typing is also useful in studying autoimmune diseases and certain medical conditions related to immune system responses.