Hudud

Hudud refers to specific crimes in Islamic law that are considered severe violations of divine commandments, such as theft, adultery, and apostasy. These offenses are believed to threaten social order and moral values, and their punishments are outlined in religious texts. Hudud punishments are often fixed and require strict evidence, sometimes including physical evidence or confession. The application of Hudud varies across Muslim-majority countries; some implement these laws fully, while others interpret them symbolically or rarely enforce them. They aim to uphold divine justice, maintain social morality, and deter misconduct within an Islamic legal framework.