Hot Dry Rock geothermal

Hot Dry Rock (HDR) geothermal energy involves extracting heat from underground rock formations that are naturally hot but lack water or steam. The process involves drilling deep into these rocks, then injecting water to create a flow path. The water absorbs heat from the hot rocks and is pumped back to the surface as hot water or steam, which can drive turbines to generate electricity. HDR offers a renewable, sustainable energy source, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. It requires advanced engineering but provides a potent way to harness Earth's natural heat without needing traditional geothermal reservoirs containing existing steam.