Hormonal male contraceptives

Hormonal male contraceptives work by regulating hormones that control sperm production. Typically, they use combinations of testosterone and other hormones to lower levels of sperm-producing signals from the brain. This reduces sperm count to very low levels, making fertilization unlikely. The hormones also maintain normal male characteristics like libido and muscle mass. Once stopped, hormone levels usually return to normal, restoring fertility. This method offers a reversible alternative to condoms or vasectomy, aiming to provide men with more control over family planning. However, ongoing research continues to address effectiveness, side effects, and long-term safety.