Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA)

The Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) is a feature in Kubernetes that automatically adjusts the number of application instances (pods) based on current demand. If traffic or workload increases, HPA increases the number of pods to handle the load; if demand decreases, it reduces the number of pods to save resources. This ensures applications remain responsive and efficient without manual intervention, helping maintain performance and cost-effectiveness in dynamic environments.