Homologous chromosomes

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes in a cell that have the same genes in the same locations, but may carry different versions or variations of those genes. One chromosome in each pair comes from the mother, and the other from the father. They are similar in size, shape, and content, allowing them to pair up during cell division. Homologous chromosomes play a key role in sexual reproduction and genetic diversity, ensuring that offspring inherit a combination of traits from both parents.