HOL (Higher Order Logic)

Higher Order Logic (HOL) is a type of formal system used to describe and reason about mathematical concepts and relationships. Unlike basic logic that deals only with simple statements, HOL allows for functions and predicates—rules about other rules or functions—to be variables. This means it can express more complex ideas, like properties of properties or functions that operate on other functions. HOL provides a powerful framework for verifying the correctness of software, hardware, and mathematical proofs, enabling precise reasoning about intricate systems with a high level of rigor and abstraction.