Hobbesian Theory

Hobbesian theory, developed by philosopher Thomas Hobbes, suggests that in their natural state, humans tend to act out of self-interest, which can lead to chaos and violence. To avoid this, individuals agree to give up some freedoms and accept a central authority—like a government—that maintains order and security. This social contract creates a stable society where rights are balanced with law and order, allowing people to coexist peacefully. Hobbes believed that strong, sovereign leadership is necessary because without it, life would be “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”