Hoare's CSP (Communicating Sequential Processes)

Hoare's Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) is a formal framework for modeling and analyzing how different independent systems or processes communicate and coordinate. It describes processes as sequences of events (like messages or actions) and specifies how they interact through communication channels. CSP helps ensure that these processes work together correctly without conflicts or deadlocks, making it useful for designing reliable concurrent or distributed systems. Essentially, it provides a precise language to specify, reason about, and verify the behavior of complex systems where multiple processes operate simultaneously and communicate asynchronously.