HLA matching

HLA matching involves comparing specific markers called Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLAs) on the surface of a person's cells. These markers help the immune system distinguish between the body's own cells and foreign invaders. When a person receives a transplant, such as a kidney or bone marrow, a close HLA match between donor and recipient reduces the risk of rejection, as the immune system is less likely to see the transplant as foreign. To improve success rates, healthcare providers aim to find donors with HLAs that closely match those of the recipient.