history of the federal judiciary

The federal judiciary in the United States was established by the Constitution in 1789 to interpret laws and ensure justice. It includes the Supreme Court, appellate courts, and district courts. The Supreme Court is the highest court and shapes legal precedents. Over time, landmark cases, such as Brown v. Board of Education and Roe v. Wade, significantly influenced civil rights and personal freedoms. The judiciary has evolved through legislation and constitutional amendments, balancing power among branches of government and adapting to societal changes while upholding the rule of law.