History of the Czech Lands

The Czech Lands, primarily Bohemia and Moravia, have a rich history dating back over a millennium. They were part of the Great Moravian Empire, then the medieval Kingdom of Bohemia, which became a major European power during the Middle Ages. Later, they unified under Habsburg rule within Austria-Hungary until becoming independent after World War I, forming Czechoslovakia. After a brief communist period post-World War II, the country peacefully split in 1993 into the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The region’s history reflects its cultural resilience, scientific achievements, and evolving sovereignty within European affairs.