History of Spain

Spain's history is marked by ancient Iberian cultures, Roman conquest, and Visigothic rule, shaping its foundations. The Moorish invasion in 711 AD brought advancements in science and culture, creating a thriving Al-Andalus. The Reconquista culminated in 1492 with the Catholic monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella, unifying Spain and funding Columbus's voyage. Spain then became a global empire, colonizing the Americas and enriching its culture. The 20th century saw dictatorship under Franco and a transition to democracy in the late 1970s. Today, Spain is a diverse modern nation with rich cultural heritages rooted in its complex history.