History of medieval Europe

Medieval Europe, spanning roughly from the 5th to the 15th century, was a period marked by the fall of the Roman Empire, leading to decentralized kingdoms and feudalism—a system where lords owned land and vassals and peasants worked it. The church held significant power, influencing politics and daily life. This era saw the growth of castles, knightly culture, and local markets, along with challenges like wars, plagues (notably the Black Death), and cultural shifts. Despite hardships, it laid foundations for modern Europe’s political, social, and religious structures.